***Figure 4: Mean Standardized Settings Compared to Non-Violent Video Condition***


**Standardized: All Trials**

*RVV
ttest intensityduration_mean_all if (treatment == 1 | treatment == 3) & round == 1, by(treatment)
replace t_meanr_sta = r(mu_1)-r(mu_2) in 1
replace t_upperr_sta = (r(mu_1)-r(mu_2))+(r(sd_1)/(r(N_1)^(0.5))) in 1
replace t_lowerr_sta = (r(mu_1)-r(mu_2))-(r(sd_1)/(r(N_1)^(0.5))) in 1

*FVV
ttest intensityduration_mean_all if (treatment == 2 | treatment == 3) & round == 1, by(treatment)
replace t_meanf_sta = r(mu_1)-r(mu_2) in 1
replace t_upperf_sta = (r(mu_1)-r(mu_2))+(r(sd_1)/(r(N_1)^(0.5))) in 1
replace t_lowerf_sta = (r(mu_1)-r(mu_2))-(r(sd_1)/(r(N_1)^(0.5))) in 1

anova intensityduration_mean_all treatment if (treatment == 1 | treatment == 2) & round == 1
replace pvalue_sta = Ftail(e(df_m), e(df_r), e(F)) in 1


**Standardized: Trial 1**

*RVV
ttest intensityduration if (treatment == 1 | treatment == 3) & round == 1, by(treatment)
replace t_meanr_sta = r(mu_1)-r(mu_2) in 2
replace t_upperr_sta = (r(mu_1)-r(mu_2))+(r(sd_1)/(r(N_1)^(0.5))) in 2
replace t_lowerr_sta = (r(mu_1)-r(mu_2))-(r(sd_1)/(r(N_1)^(0.5))) in 2

*FVV
ttest intensityduration if (treatment == 2 | treatment == 3) & round == 1, by(treatment)
replace t_meanf_sta = r(mu_1)-r(mu_2) in 2
replace t_upperf_sta = (r(mu_1)-r(mu_2))+(r(sd_1)/(r(N_1)^(0.5))) in 2
replace t_lowerf_sta = (r(mu_1)-r(mu_2))-(r(sd_1)/(r(N_1)^(0.5))) in 2

anova intensityduration treatment if (treatment == 1 | treatment == 2) & round == 1
replace pvalue_sta = Ftail(e(df_m), e(df_r), e(F)) in 2


**Standardized: Trial 2**

*RVV
ttest intensityduration if (treatment == 1 | treatment == 3) & round == 2, by(treatment)
replace t_meanr_sta = r(mu_1)-r(mu_2) in 3
replace t_upperr_sta = (r(mu_1)-r(mu_2))+(r(sd_1)/(r(N_1)^(0.5))) in 3
replace t_lowerr_sta = (r(mu_1)-r(mu_2))-(r(sd_1)/(r(N_1)^(0.5))) in 3

*FVV
ttest intensityduration if (treatment == 2 | treatment == 3) & round == 2, by(treatment)
replace t_meanf_sta = r(mu_1)-r(mu_2) in 3
replace t_upperf_sta = (r(mu_1)-r(mu_2))+(r(sd_1)/(r(N_1)^(0.5))) in 3
replace t_lowerf_sta = (r(mu_1)-r(mu_2))-(r(sd_1)/(r(N_1)^(0.5))) in 3

anova intensityduration treatment if (treatment == 1 | treatment == 2) & round == 2
replace pvalue_sta = Ftail(e(df_m), e(df_r), e(F)) in 3


**Standardized: After Wins**

*RVV
ttest intensityduration_mean_afterwins if (treatment == 1 | treatment == 3) & round == 1, by(treatment)
replace t_meanr_sta = r(mu_1)-r(mu_2) in 4
replace t_upperr_sta = (r(mu_1)-r(mu_2))+(r(sd_1)/(r(N_1)^(0.5))) in 4
replace t_lowerr_sta = (r(mu_1)-r(mu_2))-(r(sd_1)/(r(N_1)^(0.5))) in 4

*FVV
ttest intensityduration_mean_afterwins if (treatment == 2 | treatment == 3) & round == 1, by(treatment)
replace t_meanf_sta = r(mu_1)-r(mu_2) in 4
replace t_upperf_sta = (r(mu_1)-r(mu_2))+(r(sd_1)/(r(N_1)^(0.5))) in 4
replace t_lowerf_sta = (r(mu_1)-r(mu_2))-(r(sd_1)/(r(N_1)^(0.5))) in 4

anova intensityduration_mean_afterwins treatment if (treatment == 1 | treatment == 2) & round == 1
replace pvalue_sta = Ftail(e(df_m), e(df_r), e(F)) in 4


**Standardized: After Losses**

*RVV
ttest intensityduration_mean_afterloss if (treatment == 1 | treatment == 3) & round == 1, by(treatment)
replace t_meanr_sta = r(mu_1)-r(mu_2) in 5
replace t_upperr_sta = (r(mu_1)-r(mu_2))+(r(sd_1)/(r(N_1)^(0.5))) in 5
replace t_lowerr_sta = (r(mu_1)-r(mu_2))-(r(sd_1)/(r(N_1)^(0.5))) in 5

*FVV
ttest intensityduration_mean_afterloss if (treatment == 2 | treatment == 3) & round == 1, by(treatment)
replace t_meanf_sta = r(mu_1)-r(mu_2) in 5
replace t_upperf_sta = (r(mu_1)-r(mu_2))+(r(sd_1)/(r(N_1)^(0.5))) in 5
replace t_lowerf_sta = (r(mu_1)-r(mu_2))-(r(sd_1)/(r(N_1)^(0.5))) in 5

anova intensityduration_mean_afterloss treatment if (treatment == 1 | treatment == 2) & round == 1
replace pvalue_sta = Ftail(e(df_m), e(df_r), e(F)) in 5


**Convert p-values to three digits for graphs**

replace pvalue_sta = round(pvalue_sta,0.001)
replace pvalue_sta = pvalue_sta*1000
rename pvalue_sta pvalue_staold
tostring pvalue_staold,gen(pvalue_sta)
gen count = length(pvalue_sta)
replace count =  0 if pvalue_sta == "."
replace pvalue_sta =  "" if pvalue_sta == "."
replace pvalue_sta = "0.00" + pvalue_sta if count == 1
replace pvalue_sta = "0.0" + pvalue_sta if count == 2
replace pvalue_sta = "0." + pvalue_sta if count == 3
drop count


**Create the graph**

local pvalue_sta = pvalue_sta in 1

twoway  (bar t_meanr_sta x_r if _n == 1, barwidth(.5) color(gs8) lcolor(black) lwidth(vthin)) (rcap t_upperr_sta t_lowerr_sta x_r if _n == 1, lcolor(black)) (bar t_meanf_sta x_f if _n == 1, barwidth(.5) color(white) lcolor(black) lwidth(vthin)) (rcap t_upperf_sta t_lowerf_sta x_f if _n == 1, lcolor(black)), xscale(lstyle(none)) xlabel(.3 " " 1 `""{bf:All Trials}" "{it:Average Aggression}" "{stSans:({it:p} = `pvalue_sta')}"' 1.7 " ",notick) ylabel(-.15 " " -.1 "-0.10" -.05 "-0.05" 0 .05 "+0.05" .1 "+0.10" .15 " ", nogrid notick labgap(2) labsize(small)) ytick(-.1 -.05 0 .05 .1) yline(0) name(intensitydurationall, replace) legend(off)  ytitle("Difference from Non-Violent Video (NVV) Group",orientation(vertical))

local pvalue_sta = pvalue_sta in 2

twoway  (bar t_meanr_sta x_r if _n == 2, barwidth(.5) color(gs8) lcolor(black) lwidth(vthin)) (rcap t_upperr_sta t_lowerr_sta x_r if _n == 2, lcolor(black)) (bar t_meanf_sta x_f if _n == 2, barwidth(.5) color(white) lcolor(black) lwidth(vthin)) (rcap t_upperf_sta t_lowerf_sta x_f if _n == 2, lcolor(black)), xscale(lstyle(none)) xlabel(0 " " 1 `""{bf:Trial 1}" "{it:Unprovoked Aggression}" "{stSans:({it:p} = `pvalue_sta')}"'  2 " ",notick) yscale(off) ylabel(,nogrid) yline(0) name(intensitydurationr1, replace) legend(off)

addplot intensitydurationr1: pcarrowi 0.1 0.85 0.09 1.2 (9) "Standard errors ", norescaling  msize(vtiny) lwidth(vthin)

local pvalue_sta = pvalue_sta in 3

twoway  (bar t_meanr_sta x_r if _n == 3, barwidth(.5) color(gs8) lcolor(black) lwidth(vthin)) (rcap t_upperr_sta t_lowerr_sta x_r if _n == 3, lcolor(black)) (bar t_meanf_sta x_f if _n == 3, barwidth(.5) color(white) lcolor(black) lwidth(vthin)) (rcap t_upperf_sta t_lowerf_sta x_f if _n == 3, lcolor(black)), xscale(lstyle(none)) xlabel(0 " " 1 `""{bf:Trial 2}" "{it:Provoked Aggression}" "{stSans:({it:p} = `pvalue_sta')}"'  2 " ",notick) yscale(off) yline(0) ylabel(,nogrid) name(intensitydurationr2, replace) legend(region(lwidth(none)) order(1 "Real Violence Video (RVV)" 3 "Fictional Violence Video (FVV)") rows(2) cols(1) ring(0) position(12) symxsize(4) symysize(4) size(small))

local pvalue_sta = pvalue_sta in 4

twoway  (bar t_meanr_sta x_r if _n == 4, barwidth(.5) color(gs8) lcolor(black) lwidth(vthin)) (rcap t_upperr_sta t_lowerr_sta x_r if _n == 4, lcolor(black)) (bar t_meanf_sta x_f if _n == 4, barwidth(.5) color(white) lcolor(black) lwidth(vthin)) (rcap t_upperf_sta t_lowerf_sta x_f if _n == 4, lcolor(black)), xscale(lstyle(none)) xlabel(0 " " 1 `""{bf:After Wins}" "{it:Unprovoked Aggression}" "{stSans:({it:p} = `pvalue_sta')}"'  2 " ",notick) yscale(off) yline(0) ylabel(,nogrid) name(intensitydurationafterwins, replace) legend(off)

addplot intensitydurationafterwins: pcarrowi -.075 .075 -.0075  0  (6) "NVV baseline" lcolor(black), norescaling  msize(vtiny) lwidth(vthin)

local pvalue_sta = pvalue_sta in 5

twoway  (bar t_meanr_sta x_r if _n == 5, barwidth(.5) color(gs8) lcolor(black) lwidth(vthin)) (rcap t_upperr_sta t_lowerr_sta x_r if _n == 5, lcolor(black)) (bar t_meanf_sta x_f if _n == 5, barwidth(.5) color(white) lcolor(black) lwidth(vthin)) (rcap t_upperf_sta t_lowerf_sta x_f if _n == 5, lcolor(black)), xscale(lstyle(none)) xlabel(0 " " 1 `""{bf:After Losses}" "{it:Provoked Aggression}" "{stSans:({it:p} = `pvalue_sta')}"'  2 " ",notick) yscale(off) yline(0) ylabel(,nogrid) name(intensitydurationafterlosses, replace) legend(off)

graph combine intensitydurationall intensitydurationr1 intensitydurationr2 intensitydurationafterwins intensitydurationafterlosses, iscale(1) ycommon imargin(0) cols(5) xsize(5) ysize(2) name(intensitydurationcombined, replace) title({bf:Standardized}) note(" " " " "{space 17}{bf: Note:} {it:p}-values refer to a one-way ANOVA between the RVV and FVV, testing the hypothesis that {&mu}{subscript:RVV} = {&mu}{subscript:FVV}.")

graph export Graphs/figure-4.pdf, replace

graph drop intensitydurationall intensitydurationr1 intensitydurationr2 intensitydurationafterwins intensitydurationafterlosses
